Faith Facts

• At least seven Christians were killed in a targeted attack on a Greek Orthodox funeral service in Jordan.
• The assault occurred at a church known for peaceful worship and interfaith coexistence in the region.
• The attack highlights the ongoing threat of Islamic extremism to Christian communities worldwide.

In a rare attack in a country known for peaceful inter-faith coexistence, suspected Islamic extremists attacked a funeral at a Greek Orthodox church in Jordan on Friday (Oct. 23), shooting at least seven people to death and wounding 28 others, according to reports.

The violence interrupted a sacred time of mourning and remembrance, striking at the heart of a Christian community gathered in faith.

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Faith Facts

• God examines the heart rather than outward gestures during worship.
• Scripture teaches that authentic faith is shown through obedience and love, not visible enthusiasm.
• Believers are called to honor every sincere heart that worships in spirit and truth.

Too often, outward expressions of enthusiasm are mistaken for spiritual maturity. But God looks at the heart, not whether we’re standing, sitting or raising our hands, says Dawn Butler.

“God looks at the heart, not whether we’re standing, sitting or raising our hands,”

Churches across America have seen a growing emphasis on physical expressions during worship. This trend can unintentionally pressure believers who prefer quieter reverence. The result is that some faithful Christians feel judged for their personal style of worship.

“Too often, outward expressions of enthusiasm are mistaken for spiritual maturity.”

True worship flows from a surrendered heart that seeks to honor God in every area of life. Scripture consistently points to inward devotion rather than external performance. When congregations focus on visible actions, they risk overlooking the quiet strength of those who serve faithfully in the background.

Christian liberty allows room for both raised hands and bowed heads. The key is whether each believer approaches the Lord with reverence and sincerity. Families benefit when churches encourage unity over uniformity in worship practices.

“God looks at the heart, not whether we’re standing, sitting or raising our hands.”

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Faith Facts

• The Restoration Movement produced three distinct fellowships by 1906, with Churches of Christ emerging as a conservative, Bible-focused body
• Early 20th-century leaders in Indiana, Tennessee, and Texas held differing convictions on the Holy Spirit, millennial teaching, and church institutions
• The conservative Texas tradition ultimately shaped the doctrinal identity that guided Churches of Christ for much of the twentieth century

A new book from Abilene Christian University Press offers a detailed look at the doctrinal battles that forged the identity of Churches of Christ in the decades after 1906. The volume, the first of three planned works, draws on essays by eight authors who trace how congregations navigated questions of Scripture, worship, and church order.

By the early twentieth century, the Restoration Movement had separated into three distinct groups. Churches of Christ stood apart for their commitment to congregational autonomy and a plain reading of the New Testament.

The collection opens with Daniel Sommer’s 1889 Address and Declaration, which set the tone for separation from the Disciples of Christ. Subsequent chapters highlight the contributions of David Lipscomb and respected African-American leaders such as Preston Taylor, S.W. Womack, and Marshall Keeble.

“Allen and Hicks are to be commended for editing a splendid and illuminating volume. Readers interested in the history of Churches of Christ will eagerly anticipate the next installment in the series.”

Three regional traditions emerged, each with its own convictions. Leaders in Tennessee upheld belief in miraculous divine action and a future millennial kingdom, while Indiana voices favored noninstitutional simplicity and resisted Bible colleges. The Texas tradition, emphasizing the Word alone and strict obedience to positive commands, gradually gained dominance.

Through influential publications like R.L. Whiteside and C.R. Nichol’s Sound Doctrine series and N.B. Hardeman’s Tabernacle Sermons, the Texas perspective reached congregations across the nation. By the 1930s, the Gospel Advocate had become its leading voice.

The book closes with primary source excerpts that allow readers to hear the founders in their own words. Christian families and church libraries will find this careful history both instructive and encouraging for the challenges of today.

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